20 multiple-choice (MCQ / objective) questions from this chapter, in the common exam-style shapes. Every question comes with an explanation along with the answer, so you remember why the option is correct, not just which one it is.
Syllabus note
In CBSE 2026-27, Units 1-2 (Introduction; Collection, Organisation and Presentation of Data) carry 15 marks together. The whole chapter is in the CBSE syllabus; the UP, Bihar, Rajasthan and MP boards teach the same chapter. The (½) and (1) marks in numerical answers show step marks.
1 Direct Questions
Direct Questions
- 1 markAccording to the book, in how many forms are data generally presented?
(A) Two: tabular, diagrammatic(B) Four: textual, tabular, diagrammatic, oral(C) Three: textual, tabular, diagrammatic(D) Only one: tabular - 1 markHow many cells does a table with 3 rows and 3 columns (Table 4.1) have?
(A) 6(B) 9(C) 3(D) 12 - 1 markWhat are the designations of the rows of a table called?
(A) Captions(B) Footnote(C) Stubs (row headings)(D) Body - 1 markWhat kind of diagram is a bar diagram?
(A) Two-dimensional(B) Three-dimensional(C) No dimension(D) One-dimensional - 1 markWhich diagram compares two or more sets of data, such as imports and exports over years?
(A) Pie diagram(B) Multiple bar diagram(C) Histogram(D) Ogive - 1 markIn a ‘less than’ ogive, cumulative frequencies are plotted against what?
(A) The lower limits of the class intervals(B) The mid-points(C) The class widths(D) The upper limits of the class intervals - 1 markAccording to Table 4.6, which state had the largest rise in female literacy between 2001 and 2011?
(A) Bihar (20.2 points)(B) Kerala (4.3 points)(C) Rajasthan (8.8 points)(D) Maharashtra (8.5 points)
2 Assertion-Reason
Assertion-Reason
- 1 markAssertion (A): No space is left between the rectangles of a histogram.
Reason (R): For a continuous variable, the lower boundary of a class fuses with the upper boundary of the previous class.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A(C) A is true, but R is false(D) A is false, but R is true - 1 markAssertion (A): The ‘more than’ ogive never increases.
Reason (R): The number of items above a higher lower-limit is smaller or the same.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A(C) A is true, but R is false(D) A is false, but R is true - 1 markAssertion (A): An arithmetic line graph helps in understanding the trend in long-term time series data.
Reason (R): In a line graph, frequencies are plotted at class mid-points.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A(C) A is true, but R is false(D) A is false, but R is true
3 Match the Following
Match the Following
- 1 markMatch List I (diagram) with List II (use).
List I: (i) Pie diagram (ii) Ogive (iii) Histogram (iv) Arithmetic line graph
List II: (1) Locating the median (2) Trend in a time series (3) Components of a total in per cent (4) Locating the mode
(A) i-3, ii-4, iii-1, iv-2(B) i-1, ii-3, iii-4, iv-2(C) i-3, ii-1, iii-4, iv-2(D) i-2, ii-1, iii-4, iv-3
4 Statement-Based Questions
Statement-Based Questions
- 1 markConsider these statements.
(i) The mode can be found graphically from a histogram.
(ii) The median cannot be found graphically from ogives.
(A) Only (i) is true(B) Both are true(C) Only (ii) is true(D) Both are false
5 Arrange in the Correct Order
Arrange in the Correct Order
- 1 markArrange these as they come in the chapter.
1. Diagrammatic presentation
2. Textual presentation
3. Parts of a table
4. Four kinds of classification
(A) 2-3-4-1(B) 2-4-3-1(C) 4-2-3-1(D) 2-4-1-3
6 Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the Blanks
- 1 markFill in the blank: An ogive is also called a ______.
(A) frequency polygon(B) time series graph(C) component diagram(D) cumulative frequency curve
7 Odd One Out
Odd One Out
- 1 markThree of these are frequency diagrams. Which one is not?
(A) Histogram(B) Frequency polygon(C) Pie diagram(D) Ogive
8 Passage-Based Questions
Passage-Based Questions
Passage
(Hypothetical data) The monthly expenditure of 200 families in a district is: food ₹4,800, rent ₹2,400, education ₹1,200, clothing ₹1,800 and others ₹1,800, a total of ₹12,000 per family. The district office wants to show it in a pie diagram.
- 1 markAccording to the passage, what is the angular component of food?
(A) 40°(B) 144°(C) 48°(D) 72°
Passage
(Hypothetical data) Daily wages (₹) of 65 factory workers: 0-20: 10, 20-30: 15, 30-50: 30, 50-60: 10. A student drew a histogram keeping every rectangle’s height equal to the frequency.
- 1 markWhat is the student’s mistake in the passage, and what is the correct height of the 30-50 class?
(A) Classes are unequal; height = frequency density, 30 ÷ 20 = 1.5(B) No mistake; height 30(C) Height should be the cumulative frequency 55(D) Height should be the mid-point 40
9 True / False
True / False
- 1 markConsider these statements.
(i) A histogram can only be formed with continuous classification.
(ii) The rectangles of a histogram must have equal widths.
(iii) The mode can be known graphically from a histogram.
(A) Only (ii) is true(B) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all true(C) Only (i) and (ii) are true(D) Only (i) and (iii) are true
Answer Key and Explanations
Direct Questions
- (c) The book: there are generally three forms: textual or descriptive, tabular and diagrammatic.
- (b) A 3 × 3 table gives 9 items of information in 9 cells; 6 comes from adding rows and columns.
- (c) The book: row designations are stubs and the whole left column is the stub column; column headings are captions.
- (d) Only the height of a bar shows the magnitude, so it is one-dimensional (NCERT Exercise 1).
- (b) The book: multiple bar diagrams are used for comparing two or more sets of data.
- (d) The book: upper limits for ‘less than’, lower limits for ‘more than’.
- (a) Bihar 33.1 to 53.3 (20.2), Jharkhand 17.3, UP 17.1, the three the book names. Kerala has the highest level, not the largest rise.
Assertion-Reason
- (a) Both true and R is why A holds (the book: hence the rectangles are all adjacent).
- (a) Both true and R explains A: as the limit rises, the ‘more than’ cumulative frequency falls or stays (64, 58, 53, 20, 6).
- (c) A is true (the book). R is false: a line graph has time on X and values on Y; mid-point plotting belongs to the frequency polygon.
Match the Following
- (c) Pie = components; ogive = median; histogram = mode; line graph = trend.
Statement-Based Questions
- (a) (i) true. (ii) false: the crossing of the ogives gives the median.
Arrange in the Correct Order
- (b) Textual (2), then classification under tabular (4), parts of a table (3), finally diagrammatic (1).
Fill in the Blanks
- (d) The book: an ogive is also called a cumulative frequency curve.
Odd One Out
- (c) The pie diagram is a geometric diagram; the other three are frequency diagrams.
Passage-Based Questions
- (b) 4,800 ÷ 12,000 = 40%; 40 × 3.6° = 144°. 72° is the rent (20%) angle.
- (a) Widths 20, 10, 20, 10 are unequal; densities 0.5, 1.5, 1.5, 1.0. 30 is the unadjusted frequency.
True / False
- (d) (i) true, (ii) false (density for unequal classes), (iii) true.
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