20 multiple-choice (MCQ / objective) questions from this chapter, in every exam-style shape used in the paper. Every question comes with an explanation along with the answer, so you remember why the option is correct, not just which one it is.
1 Direct Questions
Direct Questions
- 1 markIn Amoeba, binary fission can take place in:
(A) Only a fixed plane relative to a flagellum(B) Any plane(C) Only after the cell dies(D) Only inside a sporangium - 1 markWhich organism reproduces by multiple fission, dividing into many daughter cells from one parent cell at the same time?
(A) Plasmodium(B) Amoeba(C) Spirogyra(D) Hydra - 1 markThe tiny blob-on-a-stick structures on Rhizopus (bread mould) that contain spores are called:
(A) Hyphae(B) Zygotes(C) Gametes(D) Sporangia - 1 markThe thread-like structures seen growing on damp, stale bread (the hyphae of Rhizopus) are:
(A) The reproductive part of the mould(B) Not reproductive structures(C) Spores(D) Sporangia - 1 markA piece of potato will sprout fresh shoots and roots only if it contains:
(A) Chlorophyll(B) Starch(C) A notch or bud (“eye”)(D) A fruit - 1 markBanana, orange, rose and jasmine are commonly grown by vegetative propagation because these plants:
(A) Have lost the capacity to produce seeds(B) Cannot survive in soil(C) Are unisexual(D) Need artificial pollination - 1 markIn tissue culture, cells taken from a plant’s growing tip are first grown, in an artificial medium, into a lump of cells called a:
(A) Zygote(B) Sporangium(C) Embryo(D) Callus - 1 markA flower that carries only stamens, or only a pistil, but not both, is called:
(A) Bisexual(B) Sterile(C) Unisexual(D) Apomictic - 1 markPapaya and watermelon are examples of plants with:
(A) Bisexual flowers(B) Unisexual flowers(C) Flowers with no ovary(D) Flowers with no petals - 1 markThe swollen bottom part of the pistil, which contains the ovules, is the:
(A) Ovary(B) Style(C) Stigma(D) Anther - 1 markFertilisation in a flowering plant happens when the male germ-cell, carried down the pollen tube, fuses with the egg cell inside the:
(A) Anther(B) Stigma(C) Ovule(D) Petal - 1 markThe uterus opens into the vagina through the:
(A) Fallopian tube(B) Oviduct(C) Cervix(D) Ovary
2 Assertion-Reason
Assertion-Reason
- 1 markAssertion (A): Regeneration in Hydra and Planaria is not considered the same as reproduction.
Reason (R): Most organisms do not normally need to be cut into pieces in order to reproduce.
(A) A true, R true, R explains A(B) A true, R true, R does not explain A(C) A true, R false(D) A false, R true - 1 markAssertion (A): Vegetative propagation produces offspring that are genetically similar to the parent plant.
Reason (R): Vegetative propagation always involves the fusion of male and female gametes.
(A) A true, R true, R explains A(B) A true, R true, R does not explain A(C) A true, R false(D) A false, R true - 1 markAssertion (A): An unfertilised human egg can survive in the body for about a month.
Reason (R): The human uterus lining thickens every month to prepare for a possible pregnancy.
(A) A true, R true, R explains A(B) A true, R true, R does not explain A(C) A true, R false(D) A false, R true - 1 markAssertion (A): The testes in human males are located in the scrotum, outside the abdominal cavity.
Reason (R): Sperm formation requires a temperature lower than normal body temperature.
(A) A true, R true, R explains A(B) A true, R true, R does not explain A(C) A true, R false(D) A false, R true
3 Match the Following
Match the Following
- 1 markMatch the mode of reproduction (Column A) with the organism the chapter uses as its example (Column B):
A: 1. Fragmentation 2. Regeneration 3. Budding 4. Spore formation
B: (i) Rhizopus (ii) Spirogyra (iii) Hydra (iv) Planaria
(A) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv(B) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i(C) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-iv, 4-ii(D) 1-iv, 2-iii, 3-ii, 4-i - 1 markMatch the flower part (Column A) with its function (Column B):
A: 1. Stigma 2. Style 3. Ovary 4. Anther
B: (i) produces pollen grains (ii) sticky, receives pollen (iii) connects stigma to ovary (iv) contains the ovules
(A) 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-iv, 4-i(B) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv(C) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iii(D) 1-iii, 2-iv, 3-i, 4-ii
4 Passage-Based Questions
Passage-Based Questions
Passage
A student cut a Planaria (a small flatworm) into three pieces during a lab demonstration. After a few days, each piece had grown into a complete, independent flatworm.
- 1 markWhat is the phenomenon described in the passage called?
(A) Budding(B) Fragmentation(C) Regeneration(D) Binary fission - 1 markWhich statement about this phenomenon is correct, according to the chapter?
(A) It is identical to normal reproduction in most organisms(B) It is carried out by specialised cells that proliferate and then differentiate(C) It only happens in single-celled organisms(D) It requires the fusion of two germ-cells
Answer Key and Explanations
Direct Questions
- (B) The book states that in Amoeba, unlike Leishmania, the splitting of the two cells during binary fission can take place in any plane.
- (A) Plasmodium, the malarial parasite, divides into many daughter cells simultaneously by multiple fission.
- (D) The blobs are sporangia, which contain the spores; the thread-like hyphae are not reproductive.
- (B) The book states directly that the hyphae are not reproductive parts; the sporangia and spores are.
- (C) Activity 7.5: only potato pieces with a notch/bud grow fresh shoots and roots.
- (A) The book names exactly these four plants as ones that have lost the capacity to produce seeds, so they are propagated vegetatively instead.
- (D) The “More to Know?” box describes the callus as the lump of rapidly dividing cells formed first, before differentiation into plantlets.
- (C) A unisexual flower has either stamens or pistil, not both (e.g. papaya, watermelon).
- (B) The book names papaya and watermelon as its examples of unisexual flowers.
- (A) The pistil has three parts: ovary (swollen bottom, contains ovules), style (middle) and stigma (terminal).
- (C) The pollen tube grows through the style into the ovary, where the male germ-cell fuses with the egg cell present in the ovule.
- (C) The uterus opens into the vagina through the cervix.
Assertion-Reason
- (A) A is true and this is the book’s own reason for it, so R correctly explains A: answer (A).
- (C) A is true: the book states vegetatively-produced plants are genetically similar enough to share all the parent’s characteristics. R is false: vegetative propagation is asexual and involves no gamete fusion at all: answer (C).
- (D) A is false: the book states an unfertilised egg survives for about one day, not a month. R is true. Answer (D).
- (A) Both are true and R is exactly the reason the book gives for A: answer (A).
Match the Following
- (B) Fragmentation = Spirogyra (ii); regeneration = Planaria (iv); budding = Hydra (iii); spore formation = Rhizopus (i): option (B).
- (A) Stigma is sticky and receives pollen (ii); style connects stigma to ovary (iii); ovary contains ovules (iv); anther produces pollen (i): option (A).
Passage-Based Questions
- (C) Simple animals like Hydra and Planaria can be cut into pieces, each of which grows into a complete organism – this is regeneration.
- (B) The book states regeneration is carried out by specialised cells that proliferate and then undergo changes to form different cell types and tissues (“development”), and that it is NOT the same as ordinary reproduction.
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