20 multiple-choice (MCQ / objective) questions from this chapter, in every exam-style shape used in the paper. Every question comes with an explanation along with the answer, so you remember why the option is correct, not just which one it is.
1 Direct Questions
Direct Questions
- 1 markWhat is a single measurement from the real world called, as defined in the chapter?
(A) A frequency(B) A datum(C) An index(D) A statistic - 1 markHow does the chapter define ‘Information’?
(A) The average of a set of data(B) A government publication(C) Any number collected from the field(D) A meaningful answer to a query or a meaningful stimulus that can cascade into further queries - 1 markInto how many broad classes are the sources of data divided?
(A) Four: Government, Private, International and Personal(B) Two: Published and Unpublished only(C) Two: Primary Sources and Secondary Sources(D) Three: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sources - 1 markAccording to Table 1.1 (Census 2011), what was the total population of India (Persons)?
(A) 1,35,00,00,000(B) 1,02,70,15,247(C) 1,21,05,69,573(D) 96,00,00,000 - 1 markWhat is the formula for calculating the Literacy Rate, as given in the chapter?
(A) (Total Population ÷ Total Literates) × 100(B) (Total Literates ÷ Total Population) × 100(C) (Total Males ÷ Total Females) × 100(D) (Total Literates − Total Population) ÷ 100 - 1 markAccording to Table 1.3, what was India’s iron ore production index number for 1990-91 (base year 1970-71 = 100)?
(A) 100(B) 165(C) 207(D) 130 - 1 markAccording to Table 1.4, the scores of 60 students in a Geography paper range from
(A) 00 to 100(B) 20 to 80(C) 10 to 90(D) 02 to 96 - 1 markInto how many classes, and with what class interval, did the chapter group the 60 students’ scores of Table 1.4?
(A) 20 classes of interval 5(B) 5 classes of interval 20(C) 10 classes of interval 10(D) 8 classes of interval 12
2 Assertion-Reason
Assertion-Reason
- 1 markAssertion (A): The questionnaire method cannot be used to collect information from illiterate respondents.
Reason (R): In the questionnaire method, the respondent has to fill it up themselves.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A(C) A is true, R is false(D) A is false, R is true - 1 markAssertion (A): A person carrying out personal observation must have theoretical knowledge of the subject and a scientific attitude.
Reason (R): Personal observation involves collecting information about relief features, drainage patterns, soil types and natural vegetation through a field survey.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A(C) A is true, R is false(D) A is false, R is true
3 Match the Following
Match the Following
- 1 markMatch List-I (type of secondary source) with List-II (example named in the chapter):
(i) Government Publications (ii) International Publications (iii) Quasi-government Records (iv) Private Documents
List-II: (1) UNESCO/UNDP/WHO/FAO publications (2) Census of India (3) Municipal Corporation/District Council reports (4) Records of companies and trade unions
(A) (i)-3, (ii)-4, (iii)-1, (iv)-2(B) (i)-2, (ii)-1, (iii)-4, (iv)-3(C) (i)-2, (ii)-1, (iii)-3, (iv)-4(D) (i)-1, (ii)-2, (iii)-4, (iv)-3
4 Statement-Based Questions
Statement-Based Questions
- 1 markConsider the following statements:
Statement I: In the Interview method, information is obtained through direct dialogue between the researcher and the respondent.
Statement II: In the Interview method, information is always collected by mailing a form to the respondent.
(A) Only Statement I is correct(B) Both statements are correct(C) Only Statement II is correct(D) Both statements are incorrect - 1 markConsider the following statements:
Statement I: A schedule can be mailed to far-flung places for the respondent to fill in and return.
Statement II: A schedule is filled up by a properly trained enumerator who asks the respondent questions.
(A) Only Statement I is correct(B) Both statements are correct(C) Only Statement II is correct(D) Both statements are incorrect
5 Arrange in the Correct Order
Arrange in the Correct Order
- 1 markArrange the following steps of classifying raw data into a grouped frequency distribution in the correct order:
Prepare the frequency distribution table; Find the range of the raw data; Mark each observation using the Four and Cross Method; Decide the number of classes and the class interval
(A) Decide classes and interval → Find the range → Frequency distribution table → Mark by Four and Cross(B) Mark by Four and Cross → Find the range → Decide classes and interval → Frequency distribution table(C) Frequency distribution table → Find the range → Mark by Four and Cross → Decide classes and interval(D) Find the range → Decide classes and interval → Mark by Four and Cross → Frequency distribution table
6 Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the Blanks
- 1 markThe chapter lists ________ precautions to be taken while conducting an interview.
(A) eight(B) nine(C) six(D) seven - 1 markTo classify the scores of 60 students (Table 1.4, ranging from 02 to 96), the chapter chose a class interval of ________ units.
(A) twenty(B) five(C) ten(D) fifteen
7 Odd One Out
Odd One Out
- 1 markWhich of the following is NOT one of the four methods of collecting primary data listed in the chapter?
(A) Newspapers and Magazines(B) Questionnaire/Schedule(C) Personal Observation(D) Interview
8 Passage-Based Questions
Passage-Based Questions
Passage
You might have heard the story of a person who was travelling with his wife and a five-year old child. On his way, he had to cross a river. Firstly, he fathomed the depth of the river at four points as 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.5 metres. He calculated the average depth as 0.95 metres. His child’s height was 1 metre. So, he led them to cross the river and his child drowned in the river. On the other bank, he sat pondering: “Lekha Jokha Thahe, to Bachha Dooba Kahe?” (Why did the child drown when average depth was within the reach of each one?). This is called statistical fallacy, which may deviate you from the real situation.
- 1 mark(Based on the passage) What was the average depth of the river, as calculated by the person in the passage?
(A) 0.95 metres(B) 1.5 metres(C) 0.6 metres(D) 0.9 metres - 1 mark(Based on the passage) What is the statistical concept illustrated by this incident, in the chapter’s own words?
(A) Statistical Table(B) Index Number(C) Statistical Fallacy(D) Cumulative Frequency
9 True / False
True / False
- 1 markChoose the correct statements:
(i) Primary sources are data collected for the first time by an individual, group or institution.
(ii) Newspapers and magazines are classified in the chapter as primary sources of data.
(iii) Electronic media, especially the internet, has emerged as a major source of secondary data in recent times.
(A) Only (i) and (ii)(B) Only (i) and (iii)(C) Only (ii) and (iii)(D) All are correct
Answer Key and Explanations
Direct Questions
- (B) The chapter states: “The data are defined as numbers that represent measurements from the real world. Datum is a single measurement.”
- (D) The chapter states: “Information is defined as either a meaningful answer to a query or a meaningful stimulus that can cascade into further queries.”
- (C) The chapter states data are collected in two ways: “1. Primary Sources, and 2. Secondary Sources.”
- (C) Table 1.1 gives India’s total population (Persons) in 2011 as 1,21,05,69,573.
- (B) The chapter gives the formula: Literacy Rate = (Total Literates ÷ Total Population) × 100.
- (B) Table 1.3 gives the iron ore index number for 1990-91 (production 53.7 million tonnes) as 165.
- (D) Table 1.4 lists the raw scores of 60 students, ranging from 02 to 96.
- (C) The chapter states the raw data (range 02 to 96) was conveniently grouped into ten classes with an interval of ten units each: 0-10, 10-20, and so on.
Assertion-Reason
- (A) Both are the chapter’s own facts: the questionnaire’s limitation is that “only the literate and educated people can be approached”, and this is exactly because “the respondent himself/herself fills up the questionnaires”, so R correctly explains A.
- (B) Both statements are the chapter’s own facts, but R only describes what personal observation collects, not why theoretical knowledge and a scientific attitude are needed for it, so R does not explain A.
Match the Following
- (C) Government Publications include the Census of India (2); International Publications include UNESCO/UNDP/WHO/FAO yearbooks (1); Quasi-government Records include Municipal Corporation and District Council reports (3); Private Documents include the records of companies and trade unions (4).
Statement-Based Questions
- (A) Statement I is correct: the chapter says the researcher “gets direct information from the respondent through dialogues and conversations.” Statement II is wrong: it is the Questionnaire, not the Interview, that can be mailed to the respondent.
- (C) Statement II is correct: it is the chapter’s own description of a schedule. Statement I is wrong: it is the QUESTIONNAIRE, not the schedule, that “can be mailed to far-flung places.”
Arrange in the Correct Order
- (D) The chapter’s own sequence: the range of raw data (Table 1.4: 02 to 96) is found first; the number of classes and class interval are then decided (ten classes of interval ten); each observation is then classified using the Four and Cross Method / tally marks (Table 1.5); and finally the frequency distribution table (Table 1.6) is prepared.
Fill in the Blanks
- (A) The chapter lists eight precautions (i) to (viii) to be followed while conducting an interview.
- (C) The chapter states the data was conveniently grouped “into ten classes with an interval of ten units in each group.”
Odd One Out
- (A) The chapter’s four sources of primary data are Personal Observation, Interview, Questionnaire/Schedule and Other Methods; Newspapers and Magazines is listed under published SECONDARY sources.
Passage-Based Questions
- (A) The passage states he “calculated the average depth as 0.95 metres.”
- (C) The passage ends: “This is called statistical fallacy, which may deviate you from the real situation.”
True / False
- (B) (i) and (iii) are the chapter’s own facts. (ii) is wrong: newspapers and magazines are classified as a published SECONDARY source, not a primary one.
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