20 multiple-choice (MCQ / objective) questions from this chapter, in every exam-style shape used in the paper. Every question comes with an explanation along with the answer, so you remember why the option is correct, not just which one it is.
1 Direct Questions
Direct Questions
- 1 markWhich view holds that behaviour is influenced more by the situations and circumstances a person is placed in than by personal traits?
(A) Trait theory(B) Situationism(C) Psychometrics(D) Psychoanalysis - 1 markFormal psychological assessment, as defined in the chapter, is:
(A) Informal and varies assessor to assessor(B) Based only on self-report(C) Always subjective(D) Objective, standardised and organised - 1 mark‘An individual’s underlying potential for acquiring skills’ is the chapter’s definition of:
(A) Personality(B) Creativity(C) Aptitude(D) Interest - 1 markAlfred Binet defined intelligence as the ability to:
(A) Think rationally and act purposefully(B) Judge well, understand well, and reason well(C) Adapt, shape and select environment(D) Monitor and regulate emotions - 1 markCharles Spearman’s two-factor theory of intelligence (1927) proposed a general factor called the:
(A) g-factor(B) f-factor(C) e-factor(D) s-factor - 1 markJ.P. Guilford’s Structure-of-Intellect model, with its three dimensions of Operations, Contents and Products, has how many cells?
(A) 120(B) 150(C) 180(D) 90 - 1 markIn Sternberg’s triarchic theory, the sub-component of componential intelligence responsible for planning what to do and how to do it is the:
(A) Performance component(B) Knowledge-acquisition component(C) Contextual component(D) Meta (higher-order) component - 1 markAccording to the correlations given in the chapter, the intelligence of identical twins reared together correlates almost:
(A) 0.50(B) 0.90(C) 0.25(D) 0.72 - 1 markLewis Terman’s landmark 1925 study followed the lives of about how many children with IQ 130 and above?
(A) 5,000(B) 10,000(C) 1,500(D) 500
2 Assertion-Reason
Assertion-Reason
- 1 markAssertion (A): A student with high mechanical aptitude is guaranteed to become a successful mechanical engineer.
Reason (R): Aptitude alone, without interest in the activity, does not ensure satisfactory performance.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A(B) Both A and R are true, but R does not correctly explain A(C) A is true, but R is false(D) A is false, but R is true - 1 markAssertion (A): A high IQ score does not by itself guarantee that a person will be creative.
Reason (R): A certain level of intelligence is required for creativity, but beyond that level intelligence does not correlate well with creativity.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A(B) Both A and R are true, but R does not correctly explain A(C) A is true, but R is false(D) A is false, but R is true
3 Match the Following
Match the Following
- 1 markMatch List I (Gardner’s intelligence type) with List II (example given in the book: profession or trait).
List I: (i) Spatial (ii) Musical (iii) Naturalistic (iv) Intrapersonal
List II: (1) Farmers, botanists (2) Philosophers, spiritual leaders (3) Pilots, sculptors (4) Persons sensitive to sound and vibration
(A) i-3, ii-1, iii-4, iv-2(B) i-3, ii-4, iii-1, iv-2(C) i-4, ii-3, iii-2, iv-1(D) i-1, ii-2, iii-3, iv-4
4 Statement-Based Questions
Statement-Based Questions
- 1 markConsider these statements about Gardner’s theory.
(i) According to Gardner, each type of intelligence works completely independently and never interacts with the others.
(ii) According to Gardner, being high in one type of intelligence does not necessarily mean being high or low in another.
(A) Only (ii) is true(B) Both are false(C) Only (i) is true(D) Both are true - 1 markConsider these statements about creativity.
(i) The chapter names Tagore, Einstein, C.V. Raman and Ramanujan as examples of highly creative persons.
(ii) The chapter says creativity is limited only to a few eminent artists, scientists, poets or inventors.
(A) Both are false(B) Both are true(C) Only (ii) is true(D) Only (i) is true
5 Arrange in the Correct Order
Arrange in the Correct Order
- 1 markArrange these events in the chapter in the correct chronological order.
1. Sternberg proposes the triarchic theory
2. Binet and Simon make the first successful attempt to measure intelligence
3. Spearman proposes the two-factor theory
4. Das, Naglieri and Kirby develop the PASS model
(A) 2-1-3-4(B) 3-2-1-4(C) 1-2-3-4(D) 2-3-1-4
6 Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the Blanks
- 1 markThe German psychologist ______ devised the concept of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in 1912.
(A) William Stern(B) Charles Spearman(C) Robert Sternberg(D) Alfred Binet - 1 mark______ and Mayer first introduced the concept of emotional intelligence.
(A) Gardner(B) Sternberg(C) Salovey(D) Terman
7 Odd One Out
Odd One Out
- 1 markThree of these are named as Gardner’s multiple intelligences. Which one is NOT?
(A) Intrapersonal(B) Technological(C) Bodily-Kinaesthetic(D) Naturalistic
8 Passage-Based Questions
Passage-Based Questions
Passage
IQ scores are distributed in the population in such a way that the scores of most people tend to fall in the middle range of the distribution; only a few people have either very high or very low scores. The frequency distribution approximates a bell-shaped normal curve, symmetrical around the mean, which is 100. One practical use of intelligence tests is to identify persons at the extremes of intellectual functioning: about 2.2 per cent of the population have IQ above 130 (called intellectually gifted) and a similar percentage have IQ below 70 (called intellectually disabled). These two groups deviate considerably from the normal population in their cognitive, emotional and motivational characteristics.
- 1 markBased on the passage, why does the chapter say IQ classification is useful?
(A) It only applies to school examinations(B) It replaces the need for adaptive-behaviour assessment(C) It identifies persons at the extremes of intellectual functioning(D) It proves creativity and intelligence are the same thing
9 True / False
True / False
- 1 markConsider these statements.
(i) The chapter says intelligence tests can be culture-fair or culture-biased.
(ii) The chapter says it is easy to design a test that applies equally meaningfully in all cultures.
(A) Only (i) is true(B) Both are true(C) Only (ii) is true(D) Both are false
Answer Key and Explanations
Direct Questions
- (B) The chapter names this view situationism: the situations and circumstances in which one is placed influence one’s behaviour, relatively more than personal traits do.
- (D) Formal assessment is objective, standardised, and organised; informal assessment varies from case to case and assessor to assessor.
- (C) Aptitude is defined as an individual’s underlying potential for acquiring skills; aptitude tests predict future performance after training.
- (B) Binet defined intelligence as the ability to judge well, understand well, and reason well.
- (A) Spearman’s g-factor covers mental operations primary and common to all performance; s-factors are the specific abilities.
- (C) 6 (operations) × 5 (contents) × 6 (products) gives 180 cells, each expected to hold at least one factor.
- (D) The meta or higher-order component of componential intelligence involves planning concerning what to do and how to do it.
- (B) Identical twins reared together correlate almost 0.90: the highest correlation the chapter gives.
- (C) Terman began following about 1,500 children with IQs of 130 and above to study the link with occupational success and life adjustment.
Assertion-Reason
- (D) A is false: the chapter says both aptitude AND interest are needed; aptitude alone does not guarantee success. R is true and is exactly the reason A is false.
- (A) Both are true, and R is the book’s own explanation of A: intelligence is needed only up to a certain level for creativity, and beyond it intelligence does not correlate well with creativity, so a high IQ by itself does not ensure creativity. (Terman, in the 1920s, found that persons with high IQ were not necessarily creative.)
Match the Following
- (B) Spatial = pilots/sculptors, Musical = sensitive to sound/vibration, Naturalistic = farmers/botanists, Intrapersonal = philosophers/spiritual leaders.
Statement-Based Questions
- (A) (ii) is true. (i) is false: Gardner also said different intelligences interact and work together to solve a problem, so they are not completely independent in use, only independent in the sense that one doesn’t predict another.
- (D) (i) is true. (ii) is false: the chapter explicitly says creativity is ‘not just limited to a selected few’; even an ordinary person doing pottery, carpentry or cooking can be creative.
Arrange in the Correct Order
- (D) The correct order by year: Binet & Simon (1905) → Spearman (1927) → Sternberg (1985) → Das, Naglieri & Kirby (1994), i.e. 2-3-1-4.
Fill in the Blanks
- (A) William Stern devised the IQ concept in 1912.
- (C) Salovey and Mayer first introduced the concept of emotional intelligence.
Odd One Out
- (B) ‘Technological intelligence’ is the chapter’s term for a culturally-shaped pattern of intelligence (Western societies), not one of Gardner’s eight multiple intelligences.
Passage-Based Questions
- (C) The passage’s point is that one practical use of intelligence tests is identifying people at the extremes of intellectual functioning: the intellectually gifted and the intellectually disabled.
True / False
- (A) (i) is true. (ii) is false: the chapter says it is ‘nearly impossible’ to design such a test.
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