19 multiple-choice (MCQ / objective) questions from this chapter, in every exam-style shape used in the paper. Every question comes with an explanation along with the answer, so you remember why the option is correct, not just which one it is.
1 Direct Questions
Direct Questions
- 1 markStress can be best described as:
(A) A purely physical illness with no psychological component(B) A single external event that always harms performance(C) A permanent trait a person is born with(D) The pattern of responses an organism makes to a stimulus event that disturbs its equilibrium and exceeds its ability to cope - 1 markThe word ‘stress’ comes from the Latin words:
(A) Strictus and stringere(B) Tensio and pressura(C) Corpus and mentis(D) Habitus and modus - 1 markPerceiving a new or changing event as positive, neutral or negative is called:
(A) Primary appraisal(B) Secondary appraisal(C) Behavioural rehearsal(D) Cognitive dissonance - 1 markWhich gland releases catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine during the stress response?
(A) Pancreas(B) Adrenal gland(C) Thyroid gland(D) Pituitary gland - 1 markWhich of these fall under psychological sources of stress in the chapter?
(A) Noise and air pollution(B) Earthquakes and floods(C) Overexertion and injury(D) Frustration and conflict - 1 markAccording to the chapter, approximately what percentage of physical illnesses have stress playing a significant role?
(A) 10 to 20 per cent(B) 50 to 70 per cent(C) 30 to 40 per cent(D) 90 to 100 per cent - 1 markIn the immune system, which cells are directly attacked by HIV?
(A) T-helper cells(B) Red blood cells(C) B cells(D) Natural killer cells
2 Assertion-Reason
Assertion-Reason
- 1 markAssertion (A): Eustress is considered beneficial for a person’s performance.
Reason (R): Eustress can turn into distress over time.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A(C) A is true, but R is false(D) A is false, but R is true
3 Match the Following
Match the Following
- 1 markMatch the researcher in Column A with their contribution in Column B.
Column A: (1) Hans Selye (2) Lazarus and Folkman (3) Endler and Parker (4) Kobasa
Column B: (i) Hardiness, the three Cs (ii) General Adaptation Syndrome (iii) Task/emotion/avoidance-oriented coping (iv) Coping as a dynamic process, problem- vs emotion-focused
(A) 1-i, 2-ii, 3-iii, 4-iv(B) 1-iv, 2-i, 3-ii, 4-iii(C) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-iv, 4-i(D) 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i
4 Statement-Based Questions
Statement-Based Questions
- 1 markRead the two statements and choose the correct option.
Statement I: The immune system guards the body against attackers, both from within and outside.
Statement II: Reduced natural-killer-cell activity has been found in students facing important examinations.
(A) Both Statement I and Statement II are false(B) Statement I is true, but Statement II is false(C) Both Statement I and Statement II are true(D) Statement I is false, but Statement II is true - 1 markStatement I: A child needs more than one of the I HAVE, I AM and I CAN resources to be considered resilient.
Statement II: A child with high self-esteem (I AM) but no one to turn to (I HAVE) and no problem-solving ability (I CAN) will still be resilient.
(A) Both Statement I and Statement II are true(B) Statement I is true, but Statement II is false(C) Statement I is false, but Statement II is true(D) Both Statement I and Statement II are false
5 Arrange in the Correct Order
Arrange in the Correct Order
- 1 markArrange the stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome in the correct order.
(1) Exhaustion (2) Alarm reaction (3) Resistance
(A) 2, 3, 1(B) 3, 2, 1(C) 1, 2, 3(D) 2, 1, 3 - 1 markArrange the stages of Biofeedback training in the correct order.
(1) Learning to control that response in quiet conditions (2) Transferring control into everyday life (3) Developing awareness of a particular physiological response
(A) 1, 3, 2(B) 2, 3, 1(C) 1, 2, 3(D) 3, 1, 2
6 Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the Blanks
- 1 markThe reaction to an external stressor is called ______.
(A) Homeostasis(B) Hardiness(C) Appraisal(D) Strain - 1 markThe three Cs of Kobasa’s hardiness are commitment, control and ______.
(A) Challenge(B) Confidence(C) Compliance(D) Conformity
7 Odd One Out
Odd One Out
- 1 markWhich one of the following is NOT one of Endler and Parker’s three coping strategies?
(A) Problem-focused(B) Avoidance-oriented(C) Emotion-oriented(D) Task-oriented
8 Passage-Based Questions
Passage-Based Questions
Passage
Raj has been studying for his final examination which is going to take place tomorrow morning. He studies till 1 a.m. Unable to concentrate any more, he sets the alarm for 6 a.m. and tries to go off to sleep. As he is very tense, he keeps tossing and turning in bed. In the morning he wakes up with a heavy head, misses breakfast, and barely makes it in time to school. He opens the question paper, his heart pounding, hands clammy with sweat, and then he feels his mind has gone completely blank.
- 1 markRefer to the passage about Raj. Which stress management technique from this chapter would most directly help Raj calm his physiological arousal the night before the exam?
(A) Time management(B) Improving relationships(C) Assertiveness training(D) Relaxation techniques / deep breathing
Passage
Examination anxiety is a fairly common phenomenon that involves feelings of tension or uneasiness before, during or after an examination. Many people find some anxiety helpful, since it can motivate and create the pressure needed to stay focused. Examination stress has been characterised as “evaluative apprehension” or “evaluative stress”. However, in some students it results in such a high degree of anxiety that they are unable to perform at a level matching the potential they have shown in less stressful classroom situations. High-test-anxious students perceive evaluative situations as personally threatening and, instead of plunging into the task, plunge inward, neglecting or misinterpreting the informational cues available to them.
- 1 markAccording to the passage, examination anxiety is characterised as:
(A) A rare condition found in only a few students(B) A sign of low intelligence(C) “Evaluative apprehension” or “evaluative stress”(D) A purely physical illness
9 True / False
True / False
- 1 markConsider these statements and choose the option with the correct True/False combination.
(i) Eustress can never turn into distress.
(ii) Positive health is merely the absence of disease.
(iii) Hardy individuals see life changes as a threat rather than as normal.
(A) All three are True(B) Only (i) is True(C) Only (ii) is True(D) All three are False
Answer Key and Explanations
Direct Questions
- (D) This is the book’s own description of stress, distinguishing it from a mere stimulus or a fixed trait.
- (A) Strictus means tight or narrow, and stringere is the verb meaning to tighten.
- (A) Primary appraisal is the perception of a new or changing environment as positive, neutral or negative in its consequences.
- (B) The hypothalamus activates the autonomic nervous system, and the adrenal gland releases catecholamines, producing the fight-or-flight response.
- (D) Frustration and conflict are given as psychological sources of stress; the others are physical/environmental.
- (B) Researchers estimate that stress plays an important role in 50 to 70 per cent of all physical illnesses.
- (A) T-helper cells, which increase immunological activity, are the cells attacked by HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
Assertion-Reason
- (B) Both statements are true: eustress genuinely helps performance, and eustress separately can turn into distress over time. R does not explain why eustress is beneficial; it states a separate fact about eustress.
Match the Following
- (D) Selye gave GAS; Lazarus and Folkman conceptualised coping as a dynamic process with problem- and emotion-focused types; Endler and Parker gave the three coping strategies; Kobasa gave hardiness. Correct combination: 1-ii, 2-iv, 3-iii, 4-i.
Statement-Based Questions
- (C) Both statements are accurate: the immune system does guard the body from within and outside, and reduced natural-killer-cell activity under high stress is exactly what the chapter reports for exam-facing students.
- (B) Statement I is true: resilience genuinely needs more than one of the I HAVE / I AM / I CAN resources. Statement II is false: the chapter’s own example is of a child with self-esteem (I AM) but lacking I HAVE and I CAN, and it says this child will NOT be resilient, the opposite of this statement.
Arrange in the Correct Order
- (A) GAS runs through alarm reaction (2), then resistance (3), then exhaustion (1), so the correct sequence is 2, 3, 1.
- (D) Biofeedback training first develops awareness of the particular physiological response (3), then teaches ways of controlling it in quiet conditions (1), and finally transfers that control into the conditions of everyday life (2), so the correct sequence is 3, 1, 2.
Fill in the Blanks
- (D) The chapter defines strain as the reaction to external stressors.
- (A) Hardiness consists of commitment, control and challenge.
Odd One Out
- (A) Task-oriented, emotion-oriented and avoidance-oriented are Endler and Parker’s three strategies; ‘problem-focused’ belongs to Lazarus and Folkman’s separate two-way classification.
Passage-Based Questions
- (D) The chapter describes relaxation techniques with deep breathing as a way to calm the mind and relax the body, which fits Raj’s physical arousal most directly.
- (C) The passage and Box 3.2 use the term ‘evaluative apprehension’ or ‘evaluative stress’ for examination stress, the phenomenon Box 3.2 is about.
True / False
- (D) All three statements contradict the chapter. Eustress does turn into distress. The chapter defines health as complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being, not merely the absence of disease, and positive health goes further still (a healthy body, good relationships, purpose, self-regard, resilience). Hardy individuals see change as normal and positive, the opposite of a threat.
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